To fight the pandemic, identifying the psychological factors that influence citizens’ attitudes is fundamental. This study reveals what Spanish people feel responsible for.

Which sectors of the population were most affected by ERTES and EREs in 2020? This article analyses the effects that they had on Spain's labour market.

Globalisation and the rapid technological and digital transformation has resulted in two coexisting economic models: “turbo-capitalism”, which works with international logic, and “retro-capitalism”, which adopts the old logic of protectionist capitalism.

The divide between the rural and urban worlds has important consequences in social, economic, environmental and even political terms. Finding a balance should be a priority.

The technological revolution has not reached the entire population equally. This is leading to the appearance of technological divides between countries and collectives alike.

Is it more difficult for young people to satisfy their aspirations today? This report analyses in depth the divide that has opened between elderly people and their grandchildren, a generation disenchanted with its future.

Despite the advances in recent decades, we are still a long way off from achieving
real gender equality. We analyse the differences in the labour sphere and in the
reconciliation of working life and family life.

The immigrant population, particularly women, have been the most vulnerable group affected by unemployment caused by the economic crisis derived from covid-19.

How do the elderly deal with loneliness? According to this study, 64% of them experience feelings of loneliness to some extent.

Why in Spain are there growing numbers of rich but also increasing number of poor people? This report analyses how an asymmetrical wealth distribution model leads to a society that is advancing at two speeds.

What do we understand by social divide? This report analyses six major cross-
cutting fractures of our country and highlights how they can generate social
discontent and weaken democracy.

Poor health and job loss are the main factors associated with dissatisfaction with life during the covid-19 pandemic in Spain. Our analysis in this article.

Has covid-19 worsened feelings of loneliness? According to this study on over 55s in Andalusia, during lockdown feelings of loneliness increased from 47% to 56%, especially affecting women

One of the reasons why corruption is not punished at the ballot box is that we tend to avoid exposing ourselves to news about scandals affecting our favourite party.

Individuals in low-income households are increasingly more likely to have no wealth or have debt. Between 2002 and 2017, the share of individuals living in households that had debt increased from 3% to 9%.

What personal factors determine the decision to evade taxes? This article shows that over half of the Spanish population shows little inclination towards fraud.

The Social Observatory is launching this call with the aim of promoting the relationship and combined work between the research sphere and the practice sphere (social sector and public administration) and of increasing the social impact of both spheres.

What factors increase the likelihood of students dropping out? Poor grades are not the only indicator of early drop-out.

According to this study, the most popular form of gambling among teenagers is sports betting, and there is a higher level of online gambling addiction among boys. 

Does ethnic discrimination exist in the second-hand market online? This study analyses its presence in transactions between buyers and sellers in Spain.

According to this study, the gender gap in total hours of work, paid and unpaid, has increased to 16 hours during the pandemic.

What were the consequences of the regularisation, in 2005, of 600,000 non-EU immigrants who were working in Spain? This study reveals that it did not lead to any “call effect”, but did lead to increased tax revenues.

What use are young Spaniards making of mobile phones? This study indicates that 19% are hyperconnected, showing difficulties in controlling the use of this technology.

In Spain, 20% of workers are overeducated for the job functions that they perform. This study analyses how this situation reduces satisfaction in the employment sphere.

What does long-term care represent for societies with increasing life expectancy? We analyse the research that exists on this issue.

A majority belief exists that setting a maximum limit for rental prices would help more people to access housing, but what do the studies say? We analyse whether having access to information changes people’s opinions.

Do remedial education programmes aimed at students from underprivileged groups work? This study shows that they only manage to benefit immigrant pupils if the proportion of them in the school group does not exceed 50%.

Is it possible to secure better employment by working prior to obtaining a university qualification? This analysis shows that it is, but only if the job is related to the degree’s content.

Is the Learning and Performance Improvement Programme (PMAR) effective for the prevention of early school leaving? According to this study, participating in the PMAR increases the probability of obtaining an ESO qualification by 12%.

Labour precarity among young people especially affects women. They occupy worse-paid positions with higher rates of temporary work than men.

Involuntary self-employment in Spain (21.7% of self-employed people) exceeded the European average (16.9%) in 2017. This study indicates that involuntary self-employment is common among young people and people with a low educational level.

Does  it pay to be a micro-influencer? Some 62% of those interviewed in this study are dissatisfied with their earnings in relation to the impact that they generate in their communities.

Some 23.5% of pupils of immigrant origin leave school in the transition between compulsory and post-compulsory education. We analyse the differences by pupils' migration status and sex.

What role must teachers play to combat early leaving from education and training of young people of foreign origin? This study shows that their support is key and that they must count on the necessary resources for guiding pupils.

According to this study, in comparison with the year 2002, in 2010 there was an increase in the time that mothers, and even more so fathers, devoted to their children. Despite this, the gender gap persists.

Is the gig economy threatening workers’ wellbeing? The rise in temporary and self-employment, favoured by the digital platforms, seems to be affecting quality of life.

An experiment with an amateur football team reveals difficulties in social integration for people of foreign origin. When faced with similar profiles, team managers tended towards choosing players with local names. 

Can football alter opinions on immigration? According to this study, among a club’s followers, when the team wins thanks to foreign players, immigration is perceived more positively. 

Google searches for terms such as passport, salary, or social care, as well as the desired destination country, can offer clues regarding tendencies in migratory flows.

”la Caixa” Foundation launches an open and competitive call to fund excellent, innovative and socially-oriented research projects.

Do municipal councils in Spain reflect the diversity of origins of the population? We analyse access to local politics for immigrants and whether differences exist between the different foreign groups. 

What to do with young, unaccompanied refugees who at the age of 18 have their state tutelage removed? In Belgium, they voted for a comprehensive individualised accompaniment and support from young native people with whom they are co-housed.

Through the training of immigrant mothers, so that they can act as “neighbourhood mothers”, this action, carried out in Denmark, is successful in transmitting to women from ethnic minorities their rights and obligations in the host country.

“From refugees to citizens” is the slogan for the project of the German city of Altena to facilitate the social integration of refugees and asylum seekers. The distinctive trait of this experience is the leading role played by civil society.

Temporary work contracts are more common among the foreign population: in 2018, some 37.1% of the employed population of foreign origin had temporary contracts and 19.3%, part-time contracts, 13 and 6 points higher, respectively, than the population of native origin.

In the United States, a programme aims to ensure that all students acquire basic language skills, with support measures for families and teachers. Equality in education in order to be abel to opt for the same opportunities for success

The ”la Caixa” Foundation’s ICI project is an approach to the ethnocultural diversity of the local community, as well as that contributed by foreign immigration, with the goal of enhancing coexistence and social cohesion.

Immigration causes economic, political, and cultural changes in host societies. These two works propose intelligent, innovative, and collaborative solutions to tackle the challenges of immigration.

What volume of immigration can the rich countries absorb? Expert Giovanni Peri affirms that not only should low-skilled and low-wage immigrants be admitted but also highly skilled professionals.

The arrival of foreign pupils at state-owned schools caused the displacement of the children of native families with greater resources towards private schools. What effects does this displacement have on the quality of the public system?

In 2019, nearly 10% of residents in Spanish municipalities with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants had been born abroad. Is immigration rejuvenating and preserving activity in depopulated areas of Spain?

The immigrant collective is one of the most vulnerable groups and, if we compare it with native workers, a significant income gap is revealed. In this report we analyse this population segment’s social needs before covid-19.

What challenges and opportunities are posed by immigration? The ninth Dossier from the Social Observatory of ”la Caixa” analyses why this phenomenon is key for the sustainability of depopulated areas in Spain and its impact on the education system.  

Does being an immigrant influence employability? Judging by the data, yes, and prominently: in 2018, the occupation rate of the foreign population in Spain with higher education was 9.2 points below that of the native population.

In 2018, the equivalent median income of individuals born abroad was some 37.8% lower than that of individuals born in Spain. A difference much higher than the EU average, which stands at 7.3%.

In 2018, of every 2 people of foreign origin in Spain, 1 was at risk of poverty or social exclusion. Discover if this exceeds the average of the EU countries.

Did you know that 13.3% of Spain’s population is of foreign origin? Applications for asylum originating from extra-Community countries have multiplied by 12 in the last ten years in Spain.

Only 27.7% of the foreign population gains access to higher education in Spain, against 44% of the native population.

The percentage of “NEETs” (Not in Education, Employment or Training) is much higher in Spain among women of foreign origin than among men (27.8% versus 21.6%).

Some 30.4% of people of foreign origin live in households in which their housing costs exceed 40% of their disposable income.

The population of immigrant origin has more probabilities of residing in over-occupied dwellings. Thus, in 2018, some 13.2% of people of foreign origin in Spain were living in overcrowded dwellings.

In 2017, Spanish nationality was obtained by 66,498 people, some 1.1% of the total of the immigrant population and a lower percentage than in other countries such as Italy, the United Kingdom, Germany, and France.

People of Spanish and foreign nationalities alike have a perception of their health as good or very good, and above the European Union average.

In 2017, some 7 out of every 10 Spaniards considered that the integration of immigrants was generally satisfactory, a percentage much higher than the EU average.

In Sweden, with the collaboration of the Public Employment Service and agents from various employment sectors, newly arrived immigrants are trained to facilitate their rapid inclusion into the labour market.

Do we work the number of hours we really want to? The percentage of young people who are experiencing imbalances has increased significantly over the last 10 years, especially among
those who would prefer to work more hours.

Four out of every ten workers in Spain, who have or are seeking a job, would be prepared to go and live somewhere else. Income and the professional career associated with upwards social mobility are the main reasons for interregional mobility.   

People who get their news via social media networks give more credit to fake news. This study underlines the difficulty of effectively combating false information. 

Between 1998 and 2008, the percentage of immigrant population in Spain grew from 3% to 13%. Did this favour the appearance of ghettos? Or was there balance in residential areas between natives and immigrants?

Things are becoming increasingly difficult for tax evaders, with the new big data and artificial intelligence techniques that detect hidden wealth, the abuse of aggressive tax engineering and money laundering.